红树林湿地沉积速率对于气候变化的响应*

doi:10.11978/2016052

热带海洋学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 40-47.doi: 10.11978/2016052CSTR: 32234.14.2016052

红树林湿地沉积速率对于气候变化的响应^*

刘涛^1,^2,³(), 刘莹⁴, 乐远福^1,³()

1. 广西南海珊瑚礁研究重点实验室, 广西南宁 530004
2. 广西红树林研究中心, 广西北海 536000
3. 广西大学海洋学院, 广西南宁 530004
4. 广西大学土木建筑工程学院, 广西南宁 530004

收稿日期:2016-05-12 修回日期:2016-11-07 出版日期:2017-03-20 发布日期:2017-04-06
作者简介:
作者简介：刘涛(1980—), 男, 山东省滨州市人, 副研究员, 博士, 主要从事海洋沉积学研究。E-mail: salanitana@sina.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41306075);广西自然科学基金项目(2014GXNSFBA118222);广西科学院基本业务经费项目(12YJ25HS16)

Response of mangrove swamp sedimentation rate to climate change

Tao LIU^1,^2,³(), Ying LIU⁴, Yuanfu YUE^1,³()

1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of South China Sea Coral Reef Research, Nanning 530004, China
2. Guangxi Mangrove Research Center, Beihai 536000, China
3. School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
4. College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;

Received:2016-05-12 Revised:2016-11-07 Online:2017-03-20 Published:2017-04-06
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation (41306075);Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi (2014GXNSFBA118222);Fundamental Research Funds of the Guangxi Academy of Sciences (12YJ25HS16)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

红树林湿地对维持热带-亚热带地区海岸带生态平衡具有重要作用, 并在全球碳循环中扮演重要角色。以广西北海市红树林湿地作为研究对象, 对该地区两处湿地钻孔沉积物的粒度、沉积速率进行了综合研究, 并结合当地近30余年的降雨量和台风登陆频率的变化特征, 分析了红树林沉积物中风暴沉积的粒度组分、含量以及影响风暴沉积输入量的主要因素以及红树林沉积速率对于气候变化的响应特征。研究表明: 1) 正常天气状况下由潮流输入的泥沙粒级均为粉砂-黏土组分, 红树林沉积中的砂粒级组分为台风期间的暴风浪输入。风暴沉积在南流江口红树林沉积物中所占的比重超过56%, 在大冠沙红树林沉积物中所占比重超过73%。2) 近30年来, 两处红树林湿地的沉积速率对于台风登陆频率增加有明显正响应, 而对降雨量变化则无明显响应。3) 在径流来沙量较少的大冠沙红树林湿地, 由于岸线开敞、潮间带和红树林带宽度较小, 导致台风期间暴风浪入射能量较强, 风暴沉积输入量较高, 其沉积速率反而高于径流来沙量充足的河口区。

关键词: 红树林, 台风, 沉积速率, 沉积物粒度

Abstract:

Mangrove swamp plays an important role in the maintenance of ecological balance in tropical-subtropical coastal regions, as well as in the global carbon cycle. The grain size characteristic and sedimentary rate of two mangrove swamps were studied. The grain size and proportion of storm deposit were determined, and the factors that influenced storm sediment inputting flux were analyzed. The variation of mangrove swamp accretion rate in response to climate change was also studied. The main conclusions are as follows. 1) The inputted sediments were silt and clay in normal weather condition during tidal process, while the sand component in mangrove swamp sediment was likely inputted by storms. In mangrove swamp sediment, the proportion of storm deposit was 56% for mangrove swamp of the Nanliujiang River estuary and 73% for Daguansha mangrove swamp. 2) The sedimentation rate of mangrove swamp was positive related to typhoon landfall frequency rather than rain fall. 3) The storm energy was higher in Daguansha mangrove swamp than in the Nanliujiang River estuary, likely attributing to its open coastline shape with narrow width in tidal zone and mangrove belt, which may deduce more storm deposit inputted and higher sedimentary rate.

Key words: mangrove swamp, typhoon, sedimentary rate, grain size

中图分类号:

P736.21

刘涛, 刘莹, 乐远福. 红树林湿地沉积速率对于气候变化的响应^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2017, 36(2): 40-47.

Tao LIU, Ying LIU, Yuanfu YUE. Response of mangrove swamp sedimentation rate to climate change[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2017, 36(2): 40-47.

图/表 8

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柱状样	<63μm 组分含量/%	>63μm 组分含量/%	>250μm 组分含量/%
NL1	79.8	20.2	4.7
DGS3	27.1	72.9	52.6

深度/cm	泥质组分含量/%	NL1			深度/cm	泥质组分含量/%	DGS3
深度/cm	泥质组分含量/%	校正前 ²¹⁰Pb_ex比活度/(Bq·kg^-1)	校正后 ²¹⁰Pb_ex比活度/(Bq·kg^-1)	测量误差(±2δ)	深度/cm	泥质组分含量/%	校正前 ²¹⁰Pb_ex比活度/(Bq·kg^-1)	校正后 ²¹⁰Pb_ex比活度/(Bq·kg^-1)	测量误差(±2δ)
0~2	75.99	227	216	20	0~2	23.5	102	123	14
2~4	71.83	247	223	21	2~4	25.2	103	117	13
4~6	67.46	148	125	15	8~10	22.7	48	61	6
6~8	85.31	165	177	17	10~12	35.58	103	82	9
8~10	79.77	170	170	16	14~16	24.22	54	64	6
10~12	87.09	203	222	21	18~20	25.71	69	76	8
12~14	83.18	253	264	22	22~24	41.58	104	71	6
14~16	87.41	237	260	23	26~28	27.67	64	65	6
16~18	70.92	248	221	21	30~32	35.05	74	60	5
18~20	87.28	148	162	15	34~36	44.66	112	71	6
20~22	84.38	218	230	21	38~40	21.5	45	60	7
22~24	74.1	183	170	16	42~44	20.7	42	57	6
24~26	85.29	119	127	15	46~48	26.82	41	44	4
26~28	85.01	125	133	15	50~52	33.3	40	34	4
28~30	79.39	170	169	16	58~60	19.77	29	42	3
30~32	71.81	201	181	16	66~68	27.05	27	29	3
32~34	84.26	69	73	9
34~36	71.56	126	113	11
36~38	78.35	171	168	17
38~40	78.36	120	118	13
40~42	86.72	61	66	11
42~44	67.61	58	49	9
44~46	79.36	90	90	10
46~48	84.69	98	104	12
48~50	86.67	54	59	9

柱状样	沉积速率突变深度/cm	突变深度以上平均沉积速率/(cm·a^-1)	突变深度以下平均沉积速率/(cm·a^-1)	总平均沉积速率/(cm·a^-1)
NL1	10	1.63	0.88	1.03
DS3	16	2.23	1.55	1.76

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红树林湿地沉积速率对于气候变化的响应^*

Response of mangrove swamp sedimentation rate to climate change

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