南海西南次海盆与超慢速扩张西南印度洋中脊地壳结构对比#cod#x0002A;

doi:10.11978/2017044

热带海洋学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 51-61.doi: 10.11978/2017044CSTR: 32234.14.2017044

所属专题：南海专题；海上丝绸之路专题

南海西南次海盆与超慢速扩张西南印度洋中脊地壳结构对比^#cod#x0002A;

于俊辉^1,²(), 阎贫¹(), 林间^1,³

1. 中国科学院边缘海与大洋地质重点实验室(南海海洋研究所), 广东广州 510301
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京, 100049
3. Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA;

收稿日期:2017-04-13 修回日期:2017-06-02 出版日期:2017-11-30 发布日期:2018-01-18
作者简介:
作者简介：于俊辉(1991#cod#x02014;), 男, 河南省正阳县人, 博士研究生, 现从事海洋地球物理与海洋地质研究。E-mail: jhyu@scsio.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(91328205、41376062、91628301、U1606401);国土资源部海洋地质保障工程项目(GZH20110205);中国科学院项目(QYZDY-SSW-DQC005、Y4SL021001)

Comparison of crustal structure between the Southwest Sub-basin, South China Sea and the ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge

Junhui YU^1,²(), Pin YAN¹(), Jian LIN^1,³

1. CAS Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Guangzhou 510301, China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3. Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA

Received:2017-04-13 Revised:2017-06-02 Online:2017-11-30 Published:2018-01-18
About author:
Author:QIU Chunhua.E-mail: qiuchh3@mail. sysu.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (91328205, 41376062, 91628301, U1606401);Security Project of Marine Geology of Ministry of Land and Resources (GZH20110205);Chinese Academy of Sciences Project (QYZDY-SSW-DQC005, Y4SL021001)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来对西南印度洋中脊的研究显示, 超慢速扩张(全扩张率: 12~18mm#cod#x000b7;yr^-1)的西南印度洋中脊包含岩浆增生型和非岩浆增生型两种截然不同的地壳结构。岩浆增生型中脊段表现为轴向的海底隆起, 通常具有较低的地幔布格重力异常和较强的磁性, 地壳厚度较大; 非岩浆增生型中脊段通常水深较深, 缺乏转换断层, 发育拆离断层和高角度正断层, 具有较高的地幔布格重力异常和微弱的磁性, 大量蛇纹石化的地幔橄榄岩出露海底, 火成岩地壳较薄甚至不存在。南海西南次海盆具有较慢速扩张率(全扩张率: 50~35mm#cod#x000b7;yr^-1), 其接近消亡洋中脊中央部分的地壳厚度也较薄, 也有可能存在蛇纹石化地幔, 具有超慢速扩张脊非岩浆增生段的特点。

关键词: 西南印度洋中脊, 岩浆和非岩浆增生型地壳, 蛇纹石化橄榄岩, 西南次海盆, 超慢速扩张

Abstract:

Recent investigations of the ultraslow-spreading (full spreading rate: 12~18mm#cod#x000b7;yr^-1) Southwest Indian Ridge revealed two kinds of crustal structure: Magmatic and amagmatic accretionary crust. Magmatic accretionary segments appear as the axial rise, relatively low mantle Bouguer gravity anomaly, strong magnetization and thick crust. Amagmatic accretionary segments feature detachments and abundant high-angle normal faults, lack of transform faults, deep water, relatively high mantle Bouguer gravity anomaly and weak magnetization. There are also significant amount of serpentinized peridotites exposed on the seafloor, and the igneous crust is thin, even absent. The Southwest Sub-basin of the South China Sea (SWSB) has relatively slow-spreading rates (full spreading rate: 50~35mm#cod#x000b7;yr^-1). The central part of SWSB also presents thin crust and there might be some serpentinized peridotites in the basin area, which are similar to the characteristics of the amagmatic accretionary crust in the ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge.

Key words: the Southwest Indian Ridge, magmatic and amagmatic accretionary crust, serpentinized peridotite, the Southwest Sub-basin of the South China Sea, ultraslow spreading

中图分类号:

P738

于俊辉, 阎贫, 林间. 南海西南次海盆与超慢速扩张西南印度洋中脊地壳结构对比^#cod#x0002A;[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2017, 36(6): 51-61.

Junhui YU, Pin YAN, Jian LIN. Comparison of crustal structure between the Southwest Sub-basin, South China Sea and the ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2017, 36(6): 51-61.

图/表 11

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

参考文献 59

[1]	李细兵, 吴振利, 李家彪, 2013. 南海西南次海盆洋中脊分段特征[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 33(3): 101-107
	LI XIBING, WU ZHENLI, LI JIABIAO, 2013. The preliminary study of segmentation of the mid-ocean ridge in Southwest Sub-basin of the South China Sea[J]. Marine Geology #cod#x00026; Quaternary Geology, 33(3): 101-107 (in Chinese).
[2]	吕川川, 郝天珧, 丘学林, 等, 2011. 南海西南次海盆北缘海底地震仪测线深部地壳结构研究[J]. 地球物理学报, 54(12): 3129-3138
	L#cod#x000dc; CHUANCHUAN, HAO TIANYAO, QIU XUELIN, et al, 2011. A study on the deep structure of the northern part of Southwest sub-basin from ocean bottom seismic data, South China Sea[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 54(12): 3129-3138 (in Chinese).
[3]	于俊辉, 阎贫, 郑红波, 等, 2017. 南海西南次海盆反射莫霍面成像及其地质意义[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 37(2): 75-81
	YU JUNHUI, YAN PIN, ZHENG HONGBO, et al, 2017. Imaging of reflection Moho in the Southwest Sub-basin of South China Sea and its geological implications[J]. Marine Geology #cod#x00026; Quaternary Geology, 37(2): 75-81 (in Chinese).
[4]	AGHAEI O, NEDIMOVI#cod#x00106; M R, CARTON H, et al, 2014. Crustal thickness and Moho character of the fast-spreading East Pacific Rise from 9#cod#x000b0;42'N to 9#cod#x000b0;57'N from poststack-migrated 3-D MCS data[J]. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 15(3): 634-657.
[5]	BAKER E T, CHEN Y J, MORGAN J P, 1996. The relationship between near-axis hydrothermal cooling and the spreading rate of mid-ocean ridges[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 142(1-2): 137-145.
[6]	.BARCKHAUSEN U, ROESER H A, 2004. Seafloor spreading anomalies in the South China Sea revisited[M]//CLIFT P, KUHNT W, WANG P, et al, Continent-Ocean Interactions Within East Asian Marginal Seas . Washington D C: American Geophysical Union: 121-125.
[7]	BOWN J W, WHITE R S, 1994. Variation with spreading rate of oceanic crustal thickness and geochemistry[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 121(3-4): 435-449.
[8]	BRAITENBERG C, WIENECKE S, WANG YONG, 2006. Basement structures from satellite-derived gravity field: South China Sea ridge[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111(B5): B05407, doi: 10.1029/2005JB003938.
[9]	BRIAIS A, PATRIAT P, TAPPONNIER P, 1993. Updated interpretation of magnetic anomalies and seafloor spreading stages in the South China Sea: implications for the Tertiary tectonics of Southeast Asia[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(B4): 6299-6328.
[10]	CAMESELLE A L, RANERO C R, FRANKE D, et al, 2017. The continent-ocean transition on the northwestern South China Sea[J]. Basin Research, 29(S1): 73-95.
[11]	CANNAT M, ROMMEVAUX-JESTIN C, SAUTER D, et al, 1999. Formation of the axial relief at the very slow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge (49#cod#x000b0; to 69#cod#x000b0;E)[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 104(B10): 22825-22843.
[12]	CANNAT M, SAUTER D, BEZOS A, et al, 2008. Spreading rate, spreading obliquity, and melt supply at the ultraslow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge[J]. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 9(4): Q04002, doi: 10.1029/2007GC001676.
[13]	CHU DEZHI, GORDON R G, 1999. Evidence for motion between Nubia and Somalia along the Southwest Indian ridge[J]. Nature, 398(6722): 64-67.
[14]	CURRAY J R, MUNASINGHE T, 1991. Origin of the Rajmahal Traps and the 85#cod#x000b0;E Ridge: Preliminary reconstructions of the trace of the Crozet hotspot[J]. Geology, 19(12): 1237-1240.
[15]	DALTON C A, LANGMUIR C H, GALE A, 2014. Geophysical and geochemical evidence for deep temperature variations beneath mid-ocean ridges[J]. Science, 344(6179): 80-83.
[16]	DICK H J B, LIN JIAN, SCHOUTEN H, 2003. An ultraslow-spreading class of ocean ridge[J]. Nature, 426(6965): 405-412.
[17]	DICK H J B, MACLEOD C J, BLUM P, et al, 2016. Expedition 360 preliminary report: Southwest Indian Ridge lower crust and Moho[R]. Texas: International Ocean Discovery Program: 1-50.
[18]	.EXPEDITION 349 SCIENTISTS, 2014. South China Sea tectonics: Opening of the South China Sea and its implications for Southeast Asian tectonics, climates, and deep mantle processes since the late Mesozoic[R]. International Ocean Discovery Program Preliminary Report 349, doi: 10.14379/iodp.pr.349.2014.
[19]	FRANKE D, SAVVA D, PUBELLIER M, et al, 2014. The final rifting evolution in the South China Sea[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 58: 704-720.
[20]	GEORGEN J E, LIN JIAN, DICK H J B, 2001. Evidence from gravity anomalies for interactions of the Marion and Bouvet hotspots with the Southwest Indian Ridge: effects of transform offsets[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 187(3-4): 283-300.
[21]	GOSLIN J, SEGOUFIN J, SCHLICH R, et al, 1980. Submarine topography and shallow structure of the Madagascar Ridge, western Indian Ocean[J]. GSA Bulletin, 91(12): 741-753.
[22]	GRINDLAY N R, MADSEN J A, ROMMEVAUX-JESTIN C, et al, 1998. A different pattern of ridge segmentation and mantle Bouguer gravity anomalies along the ultra-slow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge (15#cod#x000b0;30'E to 25#cod#x000b0;E)[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 161(1-4): 243-253.
[23]	JIAN HANCHAO, SINGH S C, CHEN Y J, et al, 2017. Evidence of an axial magma chamber beneath the ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge[J]. Geology, 45(2): 143-146, doi: 10.1130/G38356.1.
[24]	KUO BAN-YUAN, FORSYTH D W, 1988. Gravity Anomalies of the ridge-transform system in the South Atlantic between 31 and 34.5#cod#x000b0;S: upwelling centers and variations in crustal thickness[J]. Marine Geophysical Researches, 10(3-4): 205-232.
[25]	LI CHUNFENG, XU XING, LIN JIAN, et al, 2014. Ages and magnetic structures of the South China Sea constrained by deep tow magnetic surveys and IODP Expedition 349[J]. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 15(12): 4958-4983.
[26]	LI JIABIAO, JIAN HANCHAO, CHEN Y J, et al, 2015. Seismic observation of an extremely magmatic accretion at the ultraslow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 42(8): 2656-2663.
[27]	LIN J, PURDY G M, SCHOUTEN H, et al, 1990. Evidence from gravity data for focused magmatic accretion along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge[J]. Nature, 344(6267): 627-632.
[28]	L#cod#x000dc; CHUANCHUAN, HAO TIANYAO, LIN JIAN, et al, 2016. The role of rifting in the development of the continental margins of the southwest subbasin, South China Sea: insights from an OBS experiment[J]. Marine Geophysical Researches, 38(1-2): 105-123, doi: 10.1007/s11001-016- 9295-y.
[29]	MCINTOSH K, LAVIER L, VAN AVENDONK H, et al, 2014. Crustal structure and inferred rifting processes in the northeast South China Sea[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 58: 612-626.
[30]	MICHAEL P J, LANGMUIR C H, DICK H J B, et al, 2003. Magmatic and amagmatic seafloor generation at the ultraslow-spreading Gakkel ridge, Arctic Ocean[J]. Nature, 423(6943): 956-961.
[31]	MINSHULL T A, MULLER M R, WHITE R S, 2006. Crustal structure of the Southwest Indian Ridge at 66#cod#x000b0;E: seismic constraints[J]. Geophysical Journal International, 166(1): 135-147.
[32]	MONT#cod#x000c9;SI L G J, BEHN M D, HEBERT L B, et al, 2011. Controls on melt migration and extraction at the ultraslow Southwest Indian Ridge 10#cod#x000b0;-16#cod#x000b0;E[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 116(B10): B10102, doi: 10.1029/2011JB008259.
[33]	M#cod#x000dc;LLER R D, ROYER J Y, LAWVER L A, 1993. Revised plate motions relative to the hotspots from combined Atlantic and Indian Ocean hotspot tracks[J]. Geology, 21(3): 275-278.
[34]	MULLER M R, MINSHULL T A, WHITE R S, 1999. Segmentation and melt supply at the Southwest Indian Ridge[J]. Geology, 27(10): 867-870.
[35]	MULLER M R, MINSHULL T A, WHITE R S, 2000. Crustal structure of the Southwest Indian Ridge at the Atlantis #cod#x02161; Fracture Zone[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 105(B11): 25809-25828.
[36]	NIU XIONGWEI, RUAN AIGUO, LI JIABIAO, et al, 2015. Along-axis variation in crustal thickness at the ultraslow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge (50#cod#x000b0;E) from a wide-angle seismic experiment[J]. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 16(2): 468-485.
[37]	PATRIAT P, SEGOUFIN J, 1988. Reconstruction of the Central Indian Ocean[J]. Tectonophysics, 155(1-4): 211-234.
[38]	PATRIAT P, SLOAN H, SAUTER D, 2008. From slow to ultraslow: a previously undetected event at the Southwest Indian Ridge at ca. 24 Ma[J]. Geology, 36(3): 207-210.
[39]	PICHOT T, DELESCLUSE M, CHAMOT-ROOKE N, et al, 2014. Deep crustal structure of the conjugate margins of the SW South China Sea from wide-angle refraction seismic data[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 58: 627-643.
[40]	QIU XUELIN, ZHAO MINGHUI, AO WEI, et al, 2011. OBS survey and crustal structure of the SW Sub-basin and Nansha Block, South China Sea. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 54(6): 1009-1021.
[41]	REID I, JACKSON H R, 1981. Oceanic spreading rate and crustal thickness[J]. Marine Geophysical Researches, 5(2): 165-172.
[42]	ROUM#cod#x000c9;JON S, CANNAT M, AGRINIER P, et al, 2015. Serpentinization and fluid pathways in tectonically exhumed peridotites from the Southwest Indian Ridge (62-65#cod#x000b0;E)[J]. Journal of Petrology, 56(4): 703-734.
[43]	SAUTER D, PATRIAT P, ROMMEVAUX-JESTIN C, et al, 2001. The Southwest Indian Ridge between 49#cod#x000b0;15'E and 57#cod#x000b0;E: focused accretion and magma redistribution[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 192(3): 303-317.
[44]	SAUTER D, CANNAT M, MEYZEN C, et al, 2009. Propagation of a melting anomaly along the ultraslow Southwest Indian Ridge between 46#cod#x000b0;E and 52#cod#x000b0;20'E: interaction with the Crozet hotspot?[J]. Geophysical Journal International, 179(2): 687-699.
[45]	SAUTER D, CANNAT M, ROUM#cod#x000c9;JON S, et al, 2013. Continuous exhumation of mantle-derived rocks at the Southwest Indian Ridge for 11 million years[J]. Nature Geoscience, 6(4): 314-320.
[46]	SCHLINDWEIN V, SCHMID F, 2016. Mid-ocean-ridge seismicity reveals extreme types of ocean lithosphere[J]. Nature, 535(7611): 276-279, doi: 10.1038/nature18277.
[47]	SEYLER M, CANNAT M, M#cod#x000c9;VEL C, 2003. Evidence for major-element heterogeneity in the mantle source of abyssal peridotites from the Southwest Indian Ridge (52#cod#x000b0; to 68#cod#x000b0;E)[J]. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 4(2): 9101, doi: 10.1029/2002GC000305.
[48]	TAO CHUNHUI, LIN JIAN, GUO SHIQIN, et al, 2012. First active hydrothermal vents on an ultraslow-spreading center: Southwest Indian Ridge[J]. Geology, 40(1): 47-50.
[49]	.TAYLOR B, HAYES D E, 1983. Origin and history of the South China Sea basin[M] //HAYES D E, The Tectonic and Geologic Evolution of Southeast Asian Seas and Islands: Part 2. Washington D C: American Geophysical Union: 23-56.
[50]	TSUJI T, NAKAMURA Y, TOKUYAMA H, et al, 2007. Oceanic crust and Moho of the Pacific Plate in the eastern Ogasawara Plateau region[J]. Island Arc, 16(3): 361-373.
[51]	WANG YANLIN, WANG JUN, YAN PIN, et al, 2017. An anomalous seamount on the Southwestern Mid-Ridge of the South China Sea[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 91(6): 1141-1142.
[52]	WESSEL P, SMITH W H F, 1998. New, improved version of generic mapping tools released. EOS, 79(47): 579.
[53]	WHITE R S, MCKENZIE D, O'NIONS R K, 1992. Oceanic crustal thickness from seismic measurements and rare earth element inversions[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 97(B13): 19683-19715, doi: 10.1029/ 92JB01749.
[54]	YAN PIN, DENG HUI, LIU HAILING, et al, 2006. The temporal and spatial distribution of volcanism in the South China Sea region[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 27(5): 647-659.
[55]	YU ZHITENG, LI JIABIAO, DING WEIWEI, et al, 2017. Crustal structure of the Southwest Subbasin, South China Sea, from wide-angle seismic tomography and seismic reflection imaging[J]. Marine Geophysical Researches, 38(1-2): 85-104, doi: 10.1007/s11001-016-9284-1.
[56]	ZHANG JIE, LI JIABIAO, RUAN AIGUO, et al, 2016. The velocity structure of a fossil spreading centre in the Southwest Sub-basin, South China Sea[J]. Geological Journal, 51(S1): 548-561, doi: 10.1002/gj.2778.
[57]	ZHANG TAO, LIN JIAN, GAO JINYAO, 2011. Interactions between hotspots and the Southwest Indian Ridge during the last 90 Ma: Implications on the formation of oceanic plateaus and intra-plate seamounts[J]. Science China Earth Sciences, 54(8): 1177-1188.
[58]	ZHANG TAO, LIN JIAN, GAO JINYAO, 2013. Magmatism and tectonic processes in Area A hydrothermal vent on the Southwest Indian Ridge[J]. Science China: Earth Sciences, 56(12): 2186-2197, doi: 10.1007/s11430-013-4630-5.
[59]	ZHAO MINGHUI, QIU XUELIN, LI JIABIAO, et al, 2013. Three-dimensional seismic structure of the Dragon Flag oceanic core complex at the ultraslow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge (49#cod#x000b0;39'E)[J]. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 14(10): 4544-4563.

南海西南次海盆与超慢速扩张西南印度洋中脊地壳结构对比^#cod#x0002A;

Comparison of crustal structure between the Southwest Sub-basin, South China Sea and the ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 11

参考文献 59

相关文章 3

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	秦华伟, 陶卓, 李怀明, 岳羲和, 蔡真, 陈升, 周红伟, 叶瑛. 热液喷口探测化学传感器的研制及应用^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2018, 37(3): 86-92.
[2]	张佳政, 周建平, 赵明辉, 丘学林. 西南印度洋中脊龙旂热液区(49º39'E)的地震波各向异性研究进展与展望[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2017, 36(6): 71-81.
[3]	吴振利, 阮爱国, 李家彪 , 李昭兴, 丘学林, 丁巍伟. 南海西南次海盆广角地震探测*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2012, 31(3): 35-39.